Measurement of Intercanthal Distance, Intertragus Distance, Bizygomatic width and Inter-alar width as a Tool for Assessment of Maxillary central Incisor Width in a Tertiary Hospital in Janakpurdham

Abstract

Introduction: Selecting maxillary anterior teeth especially central incisors is crucial for denture esthetics, with tooth width being more important than length. Esthetic dental rehabilitation significantly enhances patients’ self-esteem and confidence, making it a vital part of oral rehabilitation. This study evaluated the relationship between selected facial measurements and maxillary central incisor width in a Madhesi population to guide artificial tooth selection for edentulous patients.

Materials and Methods: The study involved 127 Nepali adults aged 20–40 years with well-aligned maxillary anterior teeth. Intercanthal distance, interalar width, and maxillary central incisor width were measured using a digital Vernier caliper, while intertragal distance and bizygomatic width were recorded with an arbitrary facebow and a millimeter ruler. After obtaining informed consent, all measurements were performed by a single examiner using standardized procedures. Each measurement was recorded three times, and the mean value was used for statistical analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0, with significance set at p < 0.05.

Results: The means (standard deviations) of ICAD, ITRD, IAW, BZW, RT CW and LT CW were 30.68 (2.50), 136.05 (8.08), 35.11 (3.26), 112.90 (9.75),8.43(0.6036) and 8.44(0.6332) respectively. The PC among ICD, ITRD, IAW, BZW and RT CW were 0.136, 0.162, 0.149 and 0.139 respectively. The PC among ICD, ITRD, IAW, BZW AND LT CW were 0.136, 0.145, 0.149 and 0.155 respectively. The r value among ICD, ITRD, IAW, BZW and RT CW were 0.127, 0.69, 0.95 and 0.119 respectively. The r value among ICD, ITRD, IAW, BZW AND LT CW were 0.127, 0.103, 0.95 and 0.081 respectively.

Conclusion: By assessing all the results, it was concluded that there was weak positive correlation among intercanthal distance, intertragus distance, inter-alar width, bizygomatic width and the width of maxillary central incisor.